by Ibn Baṭṭūṭah
Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭah (The Travels of Ibn Battutah), also known as Tuhfat al-Nuzzar fi Gharaib al-Amsar wa-Ajaib al-Asfar (A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Traveling), is the remarkable travelogue of Ibn Battutah. Dictated to Ibn Juzayy at the court of Sultan Abu Inan in Fez and completed around 756 AH (1355 CE), this work chronicles my extensive journeys over approximately 30 years (1325–1354 CE) across the Islamic world and beyond. It provides valuable first-hand observations of societies, rulers, customs, and religious practices, blending geographical information with personal anecdotes, historical accounts, and ethnographic insights. Despite occasional exaggerations, the Rihla remains an indispensable source for understanding the interconnected nature of medieval Islamic civilization.